Decode Medicine from Ward Rounds to ICU rounds
Approach to Oliguria in the ICU Oliguria = Urine output <0.5 mL/kg/hr. KDIGO AKI Criteria (Urine Output) Stage Urine Output Criteria Stage 1 <0.5 mL/kg/hr for 6–12 hours Stage 2 <0.5 mL/kg/hr for ≥12 hours Stage 3 <0.3 mL/kg/hr for ≥24 hours OR anuria ≥12 hours Definitions Term Definition Oliguria <400–500 mL/day Severe Oliguria <100 […]
Approach to Oliguria in the ICU Read More »
Amiodarone 1. CLASSIFICATION Amiodarone = Class III antiarrhythmic (Vaughan-Williams classification) 2. MECHANISM OF ACTION K⁺ channel blockade (Phase 3) ↑ repolarization time ↑ QT interval ↑ refractory period → prevents re-entry circuits Na⁺ channel blockade ↓ conduction velocity (especially in ischemic tissue) Ca²⁺ channel blockade ↓ AV node conduction Non-competitive β-blockade ↓ sympathetic drive
Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) AKI is a rapid decline in kidney function (hours to days), resulting in the accumulation of nitrogenous waste, electrolyte imbalance, and dysregulation of volume and acid-base status. Category Definition / Time Course Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) Abrupt decline in kidney function occurring within ≤7 days. KDIGO AKI is identified by an
Acute Kidney Injury Read More »
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP) / Extrinsic Allergic Alveolitis (EAA) Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an immune-mediated interstitial lung disease (ILD) caused by repeated inhalation of a sensitizing antigen in susceptible individuals, leading to inflammation of: Alveoli Terminal bronchioles Interstitium Unlike asthma, HP primarily affects the alveolar-interstitial compartment rather than the conducting airways. HP may progress from reversible
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis Read More »
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) Pneumonia occurring ≥48 hours after endotracheal intubation and initiation of invasive mechanical ventilation Infection not present or incubating at the time of intubation Related Terms (CDC Surveillance) Term Definition VAP Clinical diagnosis Ventilator-Associated Event (VAE) Surveillance definition VAC Ventilator-associated condition IVAC Infection-related VAC Possible VAP IVAC + microbiology Exams focus: Clinical
Ventilator Associated Pneumonia Read More »
Fournier’s Gangrene Fournier’s gangrene (FG) is a rapidly progressive, life-threatening form of necrotizing fasciitis involving the perineum, genitalia, and perianal region. It is characterized by: Necrosis of superficial and deep fascial planes Microvascular thrombosis Extensive tissue destruction Polymicrobial infection Severe sepsis and septic shock Why Is It Dangerous? Mortality remains:20–40% ,Can exceed:70–80% when: Septic shock
Fournier’s Gangrene Read More »
The Consultant Forgot a Fact. The Residents Laughed. They Missed the Entire Lesson. “Knowledge is knowing that a tomato is a fruit. Wisdom is knowing not to put it in a fruit salad.” I witnessed something recently that stayed with me longer than I expected. During morning rounds, a senior consultant was discussing a complex
What Makes A Good Doctor Read More »
How to Prepare for NEET SS: Why Some People Crack NEET SS and Others Don’t Before I start, let me establish some credibility.I secured AIR 72 in NEET SS while doing residency. No dedicated one-year study leave. No Himalayan retreat. No disappearing from clinical work. Just residency. So either I got extraordinarily lucky, or I
How to Prepare for NEET SS: Why Some People Crack NEET SS and Others Don’t Read More »
Last 3 Months Strategy for NEET PG: The Truth Nobody Tells You Every year, thousands of NEET PG aspirants enter the final three months with the confidence of a future AIR 1 and the preparation strategy of a confused pigeon. This is the phase where logic leaves the chat. Students who ignored Medicine for four
Last 3 Months Strategy for NEET PG: The Truth Nobody Tells You Read More »
Every MBBS student reaches a point where one question starts dominating every conversation: “Which branch should I choose?” Some branches offer money. Some offer prestige. Some offer a relaxed lifestyle. Some are considered “elite.” Some are hyped by coaching culture, seniors, social media, or relatives. And somewhere between all these external influences, many students slowly
How to Choose the Right Branch After MBBS: A Practical Way to Find Your True Interest Read More »