CARDIOLOGY CRITICAL CARE

I. Hemodynamic Monitoring & Cardiovascular Physiology

  1. Determinants of Cardiac Output
  2. Frank–Starling Mechanism in Critical Illness
  3. Shock Physiology (macro vs microcirculation)
  4. Oxygen Delivery (DO₂), Consumption (VO₂), Extraction
  5. Mixed Venous vs Central Venous Oxygen Saturation
  6. Lactate Physiology & Clearance

II. Hemodynamic Monitoring Modalities

  1. Invasive Arterial Pressure Monitoring
  2. Central Venous Pressure 
  3. Pulmonary Artery Catheter
  4. Transpulmonary Thermodilution (PiCCO, EV1000)
  5. Pulse Contour Analysis
  6. Inferior Vena Cava (IVC) Assessment
  7. Dynamic Indices of Fluid Responsiveness
  1. Microcirculatory Monitoring

III. Shock Syndromes 

  1. Shock types and approach
  2. Cardiogenic Shock

IV. Acute Coronary Syndromes in ICU

  1. STEMI 
  2. NSTEMI / Unstable Angina
  3. MINOCA

V. Acute & Chronic Heart Failure in ICU

  1. Acute Decompensated Heart Failure (ADHF)
  2. HF with Reduced EF (HFrEF)
  3. HF with Preserved EF (HFpEF)
  4. Cardiogenic Pulmonary Edema
  5. Right Ventricular Failure

VI. Cardiomyopathies 

  1. Dilated Cardiomyopathy
  2. Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
  3. Restrictive Cardiomyopathy
  4. Stress (Takotsubo) Cardiomyopathy
  5. Septic Cardiomyopathy
  6. Peripartum Cardiomyopathy
  7. Myocarditis & Fulminant Myocarditis

VII. Arrhythmias in the ICU

A. Tachyarrhythmias

  1. Atrial Fibrillation 
  2. Atrial Flutter
  3. SVT
  4. Ventricular Tachycardia
  5. QT Prolongation & Torsades
  6. Ventricular Fibrillation
  7. Electrical Storm

B. Bradyarrhythmias

  1. Sinus Node Dysfunction
  2. AV Blocks (1°, 2°, 3°)
  3. Temporary Pacing in ICU

VIII. Valvular Heart Disease

  1. Acute Severe Mitral Regurgitation
  2. Acute Aortic Regurgitation
  3. Severe Aortic Stenosis in ICU
  4. Prosthetic Valve Dysfunction
  5. Mechanical Valve Thrombosis
  6. Acute Valvular Endocarditis

IX. Right Heart & Pulmonary Circulation

  1. Pulmonary Hypertension – ICU Management
  2. Pulmonary Embolism
  3. Acute Cor Pulmonale
  4. Ventilator Effects on RV Function

X. Pericardial Diseases

  1. Acute Pericarditis
  2. Pericardial Effusion
  3. Cardiac Tamponade
  4. Constrictive Pericarditis

XI. Mechanical Circulatory Support (MCS)

  1. Intra-Aortic Balloon Pump (IABP)
  2. Impella Devices
  3. TandemHeart
  4. VA-ECMO
  5. VV-ECMO 

XII. Cardiac Arrest & Post-Resuscitation Care

  1. ACLS Algorithms
  2. Post-Cardiac Arrest Syndrome
  3. Targeted Temperature Management
  4. Hemodynamic Optimization
  5. Neurological Prognostication

XIII. Other Topics

  1. Cardiorenal Syndrome (Types 1–5)
  2. Aortic Aneurysm 
  3. Aortic Dissection
  4. Cardioversion

XIV. Drugs in Cardiac Critical Care

  1. Vasopressors (Norepinephrine, Epinephrine, Vasopressin)
  2. Inotropes (Dobutamine, Milrinone, Levosimendan)
  3. Antiarrhythmics
  4. Beta-blockers in ICU
  5. ACEi / ARNI in Acute Settings

XV. Point-of-Care Ultrasound (POCUS) – Cardiac

  1. Basic ICU Echo Views
  2. LV Function Assessment
  3. RV Dysfunction
  4. Tamponade Diagnosis
  5. Volume Status Assessment
  6. Shock Protocols (RUSH, FALLS)