Uncategorized

Right Ventricular Failure  Introduction The right ventricle is unable to provide adequate forward flow into the pulmonary circulation at normal filling pressures, leading to systemic venous congestion with or without low cardiac output.most common cause of right heart failure is left ventricular failure. In ICU practice, acute RV failure is a hemodynamic emergency — commonly […]

FAT EMBOLISM SYNDROME (FES) Fat embolism Presence of fat globules within the circulation. Very common after trauma. Usually asymptomatic. Fat Embolism Syndrome (FES) Clinical syndrome resulting from systemic fat embolization producing: Respiratory failure Neurological dysfunction Petechial rash Multiorgan dysfunction Remember Fat embolism ≠ Fat embolism syndrome. Only about 1–10% of patients with fat emboli develop

Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome (DDS)  Dialysis Disequilibrium Syndrome (DDS) is an acute neurological syndrome that occurs during or shortly after hemodialysis, caused by rapid reduction in plasma osmolality, leading to movement of water into brain cells, resulting in cerebral edema and raised intracranial pressure (ICP). it is a diagnosis of exclusion. Pathophysiology Mechanism Pathophysiology / Effect

ICU Delirium  Definition(DSM-5) ICU delirium is an acute, fluctuating disturbance of consciousness and cognition, characterized by: Impaired attention Altered level of awareness Disorganized thinking ± perceptual disturbances It develops over hours to days and is a manifestation of acute brain dysfunction.ICU psychosis’ is an outdated misnomer.  DSM-5 criteria explicitly state that these new changes in

Acalculous Cholecystitis (AAC) Acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) is acute inflammation of the gallbladder in the absence of gallstones. It primarily occurs in critically ill or postoperative patients, often those with sepsis, trauma, burns, or prolonged fasting/parenteral nutrition. AAC represents about 5–10% of all cases of acute cholecystitis, but it carries a much higher morbidity and mortality