🔹 Coma and Disorders of Consciousness

• Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) and FOUR score
• Approach to comatose patient (structural vs metabolic)
• Brainstem reflexes and localization
• EEG in altered sensorium
• Delirium in ICU

🔹 Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)

• Primary vs secondary injury
• ICP monitoring
• Cerebral perfusion pressure (CPP) and autoregulation
• Management of raised ICP: Mannitol vs hypertonic saline, sedation, decompressive craniectomy
• Brain herniation syndromes
• Role of hypothermia and barbiturates

🔹 Stroke

• Acute ischemic stroke
• Hemorrhagic stroke
• Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH)
• Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES)

🔹 Status Epilepticus

• Classification: convulsive vs non-convulsive
• Management protocol (benzodiazepines, phenytoin, levetiracetam, anesthetic agents)
• EEG monitoring in refractory cases

🔹 Neuromuscular Diseases in ICU

• Myasthenic crisis vs cholinergic crisis
• Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS): diagnosis, mechanical ventilation, plasmapheresis vs IVIG
• Critical illness myopathy and polyneuropathy (CIM/CIP)
• Botulism
• Tick paralysis

🔹 Brain Death and Organ Donation

• Adult Brain death criteria:
• Pediatric brain death

🔹 Autoimmune and Demyelinating CNS Disorders

• Autoimmune encephalitis (anti-NMDA, anti-VGKC): 
• Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM)
• Multiple sclerosis (ICU relevance in severe relapses)

🔹 Infectious Neurology in ICU

• Meningitis and encephalitis
• TB meningitis
• Brain abscess

🔹 Neuro-monitoring in ICU

• EEG: status epilepticus, burst suppression, NCSE
• Bispectral index (BIS) in sedation monitoring
• TCD (Transcranial Doppler): vasospasm, autoregulation
• Jugular venous oximetry, brain tissue oxygen (PbtO₂)

🔹 Other Critical Topics

• Neurogenic pulmonary edema
• Neurogenic shock
• Autonomic dysreflexia in spinal cord injury
• Deep sedation and burst suppression therapy in refractory ICP/seizures