🔹 Respiratory Physiology

• Oxygen transport & oxygen dissociation curve
• Ventilation–perfusion (V/Q) mismatch
• Shunt vs dead space
• Alveolar gas equation
• Work of breathing
• Lung compliance vs chest wall compliance
• Airway resistance
• Closing capacity & FRC
• CO₂ elimination & PaCO₂ physiology
• Hypoxemia vs hypoxia – mechanisms

🔹 Acute Respiratory Failure

• Type I vs Type II respiratory failure

🔹 Mechanical Ventilation

• Ventilator Modes
• Weaning protocols 
• Ventilator waveforms interpretation
• Ventilator Asynchronies 

🔹 Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS)

🔹 Non-Invasive Respiratory Support

• HFNC
• CPAP and BiPAP

🔹 Pulmonary Infections in ICU

• Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP)
• Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)
• Pulmonary aspergillosis
• Mucormycosis
• COVID-19 pneumonia 
• Pneumocystis pneumonia
• Aspiration Pneumonia

🔹 Pulmonary Embolism (PE)

🔹 Airway Diseases

• Severe asthma and status asthmaticus
• COPD exacerbations

🔹 Pleural Diseases

• Pneumothorax (primary, secondary, tension)
• Hemothorax
• Empyema
• Lung Abcess
• Hepatic Hydrothorax
• spontaneous bacterial empyema
• Pleural Effusion
• BronchoPleural Fistula

🔹 Pulmonary Hypertension

🔹 Lung Transplant and Donor Management

• Brain-dead donor ventilatory management
• Lung-protective strategies in organ preservation
• ARDS and lung donation criteria

🔹 Airway & Lung Emergencies

• Upper airway obstruction
• Foreign body aspiration
• Massive hemoptysis
• Acute inhalational injury
• Near-drowning
• Smoke inhalation injury

🔹Advanced & Special Ventilation Strategies

• Prone ventilation
• Recruitment maneuvers
• Inverse ratio ventilation
• High-frequency ventilation
• Airway pressure release ventilation (APRV)
• Liquid ventilation (concepts)
• Tracheal gas insufflation

🔹 Miscellaneous

• Atelectasis
• Obstructive sleep apnea
• Aspiration syndromes and Mendelson’s syndrome
• Bronchoscopy in ICU
• Lung POCUS

• Tracheostomy